This image shows an very simple way to produce a non-periodic tiling. 

Most of the tilings usually encountered are periodic, which mean that a small part of the tiling can copied and regulary arranged to recompose the original tiling. 
In the example below, the complete tiling can be obtained by "cutting" the inside of the red square and laying it along the blue gird.

However, if you observe closely 20000701, you'll have trouble finding any periodicity. The tiles looks more or less similar, but are different. Even if you find two identical tiles, their respective neighbours won't correspond. How can we produce such a strange tiling ?
First we start with a standard checkerboard tiling (1). Then, imaging we replace the straight and rather uninteresting side of each square with a broken line, as shown in (2).
 
 

If replace them all the same way, we should obtain something like (3). However, it's much more interesting to choose their left-right and top-bottom orientations randomly. This give the tiles a "similar but different" look and since the broken lines are oriented randomly, no periodicity appears (4).
 
 

Each tile has four side, each of which can take four different configurations (provided the broken line has no symetry, as above). So we have 4⁴ = 256 possibilities. However, if we consider that two tiles that differs only by a rotation or a symetry as equal, there remains 38 different tiles as shown below. It's much more than one can imagine seeing the original image...
20000701 counts about 100 tiles, so there are on average only three tiles of each type.